Chopper – Definition and Working Principle What is a Chopper? A chopper is a static device that converts fixed DC input voltage to a variable DC output voltage. It is basically a high speed ON/OFF semiconductor switch. It may be thought of as DC equivalent of an AC transformer since they behave in an identical manner. Chopper is fed through a constant DC voltage source and its output is variable DC voltage. The average value of output DC voltage may be less than or higher than the input DC voltage source. A simple diagram defining the chopper is shown below. A chopper is a DC equivalent to an AC transformer having continuously variable turn ratio. Like a transformer, a it can be used to step-up or step-down the fixed DC input voltage. On this basis, there are two types of chopper: Step-up and Step-down Chopper. A chopper whose average value of DC output voltage is more than the fixed DC input voltage is called Step-up Chopper. While, a chopper whose a...
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TRIAC In this tutorial, we will learn about some of the basics of TRIAC. In the process, we will understand the structure, symbol, working, characteristics, applications of TRIAC. Introduction As we know that the SCR as a unidirectional device and has a reverse blocking characteristics that prevents the current flow in reverse biased condition. But for many applications, bidirectional control of current is required, particularly in AC circuits. To achieve this with SCRs, two SCRs must be connected in anti-parallel to control over both positive and negative half cycles of the input. However, this structure can be replaced by special semiconductor device known as a TRIAC to accomplish the bidirectional control. The TRIAC is a bidirectional switching device that can control the AC power efficiently and accurately. These are often used in motor speed controllers, AC circuits, pressure control systems, light dimmers and other AC control equipments. TRIAC Basics The triac is an i...
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